Abstract: This paper provides an anti-crawler framework for web. It proposes two key strategies, active defense and passive defense. Active defense emphasizes identifying and intercepting web crawlers ...

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On August 19, 2025, Firecrawl announced the closing of a $14.5 million Series A funding round led by Nexus Venture Partners, with participation from Shopify CEO Tobias Lütke, Y Combinator, and other ...