It is argued that the system principles of unity and coherence, and of the centrality of purpose in open systems, can be readily applied to the design and illumination of curriculum. The cybernetic ...

Open system theory refers to how an organizational structure affects the flow of information and interaction internally and with the external environment.

OPEN-SYSTEMS THEORY Traditional theories regarded organizations as closed systems that were autonomous and isolated from the outside world.

Systems approaches in policy analysis have had a chequered history. Expectations that 'hard' (quantitative) systems analysis would lead to better answers to policy problems have largely been ...