Algebraic structures are fundamental mathematical entities defined by sets equipped with operations that satisfy specific axioms, such as groups, rings, and fields. Function spaces, by contrast, are ...

American Journal of Mathematics, Vol. 101, No. 4 (Aug., 1979), pp. 743-759 (17 pages) The elementary functions of a complex variable z are those functions built up from the rational functions of z by ...

Almost perfect nonlinear (APN) functions play a pivotal role in cryptography, particularly in securing symmetric key algorithms against differential attacks. Their algebraic properties, including ...